In the annals of Philippine art, few works resonate as profoundly as Spoliarium , the monumental masterpiece painted by Juan Luna in 1884. This Filipino artist, born in 1857 amid the turbulence of Spanish colonial rule, channeled his talents into a canvas that blends classical grandeur with subtle political commentary . Luna, a key figure in the Propaganda Movement —a group of educated Filipinos advocating for reforms—studied in Europe, where he honed his skills in academic